SPECIALIZATION,ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

What is Specialisation?

Through years, production has developed into a complicated process and thus broken down into a series of highly specialised task. Each task is then performed by a worker. This is known as Division of Labour.

Advantages of Division of Labour

·         Practise makes perfect: Worker specialises in a particular task and gives in the best, thus producing goods faster and less wastage of material. (FASTER)

·         Use of machinery: Specialised machinery can be used which is further increase the productivity.

·         Increased Output: with improvement in efficiency and use of machinery output is increased.

·         Saves time: There is no time wasted in switching of jobs and thus the momentum of production can be maintained which leads to less wastage of time.

Disadvantages of Division of Labour

·         Boredom: Performing the same task over and over again may lead to boredom for the workers.

·         Lack of variety: Though the number of goods produced increases but they are identical or standardized.

·         Low motivation for worker: Repeatedly performing the same task may lead to low motivation level for the worker. The worker might not have the sense of fulfilling a complete task as he is performing only a part of the job.

·         Lack of mobility: Due to specialisation workers might find it difficult to switch between occupations.

·         ADVANTAGES OF SPECIALISATION / DIVISION OF LABOUR

·         To the business:

·         - Specialist workers become quicker at producing goods
- Production becomes cheaper per good because of this
- Production levels are increased
- Each worker can concentrate on what they are good at and build up their expertise

·         To the worker:

·         - Increases productivity

·         Higher pay for specialised work
- Improved skills at that job.

·         DISADVANTAGES OF SPECIALISATION / DIVISION OF LABOUR

·         To the business:

·         - Greater cost of training workers
-Quality may suffer if workers become bored by the lack of variety in their jobs

·         To the worker:

·         - Boredom as they do the same job
- Their quality and skills may suffer
- May eventually be replaced by machinery

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